Music Consumption

iTunes, Napster, Limewire, YouTube downloader and HMV digital are all ways of downloading music both legally and illegally. For years music has progressed and is now a key part of peoples lives. Many artists in the music industry have said that the main reason they make music, is to make people aware of their art, and that the money is just an exciting extra. I agree with this and I believe that although downloading free music is illegal, the music industry would not be able to survive without it. When people download a song either legitimately or illegally they are going to share this music. This creates a larger fan base and greater recognition for the artist, therefore increasing numbers of people that would go out and buy a ticket to their concert. Personally I buy music from both the internet and high street stores, but it seems impractical that to have a keen interest in music it could prove very costly. It is a naive way of thinking to believe that someone has never illegally downloaded a song. I think that our generation, in the 21st century, are very fortunate. There are so many ways to get hold of music through TV, radio, youtube videos, iTunes and the increasingly outdated high street store. We have the capability to diverge into different genres and styles of music and to widen our understanding of other countries' cultures, beliefs and other peoples ways of thinking. In comparison to the 20th century, this century that has lasted only twelve years has progressed in a way like never before. As well as technology, music has matured and conformed to deal with the different way we live today.

Score

Score - A film score is original music written specifically to accompany a film. The score forms part of the film'ssoundtrack, which also usually includes dialogue and sound effects, and comprises a number of orchestral, instrumental or choral pieces called cues which are timed to begin and end at specific points during the film in order to enhance the dramatic narrative and the emotional impact of the scene in question. Scores are written by one or more composers, under the guidance of, or in collaboration with the film's director and/or producer, and are then usually performed by an ensemble of musicians – most often comprising an orchestra or band, instrumental soloists, and choir or vocalists – and recorded by a sound engineer.


In this clip, at 0:23, score is used to dramatically cue the dead body. This is effective as the volume of the sound increases as the body is shown and it shocks the audience.

Key Lighting

Key Lighting - The key light is the first and usually most important light that a photographer, cinematographer, lighting cameraman, or other scene composer will use in a lighting setup. The purpose of the key light is to highlight the form and dimension of the subject. The key light is not a rigid requirement; omitting the key light can result in a silhouette effect. Many key lights may be placed in a scene to illuminate a moving subject at opportune moments.

Available Lighting

Available Lighting - This refers to any source of light that is not explicitly supplied by the photographer for the purpose of taking photos. The term usually refers to sources of light that are already available naturally or artificial light already being used.

Properties

Properties - These are objects used on stage by actors to further the plot or story line of a theatrical production. Smaller props are referred to as "hand props". Larger props may also be set decoration, such as a chair or table. The difference between a set decoration and a prop is use. If the item is not touched by a performer for any reason it is simply a set decoration. If it is touched by the actor in accordance to script requirements or as deemed by the director, it is a prop.

Costume Design

Costume Design - This is the fabrication of apparel for the overall appearance of a character or performer. This usually involves researching, designing and building the actual items from conception. Costumes may be for a theater or cinema performance but may not be limited to such. Costume design should not be confused with costume coordination which merely involves altering existing clothing, although both create stage clothes.

Set Design

Set Design - This is the creation of a theatrical setting and to give the audience a sense of where the scene is.

Studio

Studio - This is a major Entertainment Company or Motion Picture Company that has its own privately owned studio facility or facilities that are used to make films, which is handled by the production company. The majority of companies in the entertainment industry have never owned their own studios, but have rented space from other companies.

Location

Location - A filming location is a place where some or all of a film or television series is produced, in addition to or instead of using sets constructed on a movie studio backlot or soundstage.


At 0:15, the shot filmed is captured on location. This means the setting is real and all images are real, and not created by set designers.

Sound Perspective

Sound Perspective - A sound’s position in space as perceived by the viewer given by volume, timbre, and pitch.

Sound Mixing

Sound Mixing - This is a process during the post-production stage of a moving image program by which a multitude of recorded sounds are combined into one or more channels. In the process, the source signals' level, frequency content, dynamics and panoramic position are commonly being manipulated and effects such as reverberation might be added.




Sound mixing is used in this clip, at 0:18, when the monster shouts. An effect has been added to his voice in the post-production stage to make it sound more frightening to the audience.

Voice-over

Voice-over - This is a production technique where a voice that is not part of the narrative (non-diegetic) is used in a radio, television production, filmmaking, theatre, or other presentations. The voice-over may be spoken by someone who appears elsewhere in the production or by a specialist voice actor.

There is a voice-over used in this clip when the male voice is heard setting the scene for the story to follow.

Sound Bridge

Sound bridge - These can lead in or out of a scene. They can occur at the beginning of one scene when the sound from the previous scene carries over briefly before the sound from the new scene begins. Alternatively, they can occur at the end of a scene, when the sound from the next scene is heard before the image appears on the screen. 




A sound bridge is used in this clip at 1:52, this sound is heard as one scene is ending and the next is beginning. This brings these scenes together using the score.

Sound Motif

Sound Motif - This is a sound effect or combination of sound effects that are associated with a particular character, setting, situation or idea through the film.

The TARDIS in Doctor Who is an example of a sound motif, each time it begins to 'disappear' the same sound effect is heard.

Synchronous Sound

Synchronous Sound - This is sound that appears to be matched to certain movements occurring in the scene, as when footsteps correspond to feet walking.




In this clip, at 0:45, synchronous sound is used when the male character begins to walk, his footsteps are heard in sync with him walking.

Non-diegetic Sound

Non-diegetic Sound - Sound whose source is neither visible on the screen nor has been implied to be present in the action:

• narrator's commentary
• sound effects which is added for the dramatic effect
• mood music

Non-diegetic sound - This is represented as coming from the a source outside story space. The distinction between diegetic or non-diegetic sound depends on our understanding of the conventions of film viewing and listening.  We know of that certain sounds are represented as coming from the story world, while others are  represented as coming from outside the space of the story events.  A play with diegetic and non-diegetic conventions can be used to create ambiguity (horror), or to surprise the audience (comedy).
Another term for non-diegetic sound is commentary sound.


In this clip non-diegetic sound is used throughout with mood music playing in the background. This adds dramatic effect to the scene.